Biomechanics and Lymphoedema
Lymphoedema is a long-term condition that causes swelling, usually in the arms or legs, due to a problem with the body's lymphatic system. This system helps drain fluid from tissues, and when it doesn’t work properly, fluid builds up and causes swelling.
Although treatments such as compression therapy, massage, and exercise help manage lymphoedema, one important but less-discussed factor is biomechanics—the way our bodies move and bear weight.
For people with lymphoedema, poor movement patterns, and posture can make symptoms worse, while good movement strategies can help manage swelling and improve mobility. Understanding biomechanics can help people with lymphoedema move more comfortably, reduce pain and swelling.
How biomechanics matters
Lymphoedema in the legs and arms may alter the way you walk or perform daily activities to avoid discomfort. This can lead to an uneven walking and working pattern, putting extra strain on your muscles and joints. Over time, this can cause pain, muscle imbalances, swelling and difficulty moving due to a decrease in range of movement. Swelling in a limb can also add extra weight and change how pressure is distributed across your joints, leading to an increased risk of joint degeneration.
People with lipoedema in the legs face unique biomechanical challenges due to the disproportionate accumulation of fat, particularly in the thighs and lower legs. The heaviness and restricted mobility often lead to compensatory movement patterns, such as using the hips instead of knees for mobility, standing with legs wider apart, feeling greater fatigue and reduce mobility, pain, tenderness, joint strain and postural issue.
An ill-fitted compression garment can significantly affect biomechanics by altering movement patterns, restricting circulation, and causing discomfort. A garment that is too tight can limit the natural joint range of motion, making movements stiff and forcing compensatory patterns. A garment that is too loose fails to provide adequate support, leading to muscle fatigue and instability.
Making Biomechanics Work for You
Lymphatic drainage massage is ideal to address swelling and congestion with the addition of purposeful remedial techniques. It can increase circulation and range of movement, decrease pain and discomfort, and ultimately improve quality of life.
Exercise plays a crucial role in managing lymphoedema. Gentle activities such as swimming, walking, and light resistance training help promote lymph flow without overly straining the body. The intensity of any exercise should be gradually increased and tailored to the individual’s fitness level.
A properly fitted compression garment is essential for managing lymphoedema and supporting proper biomechanics.
Conclusion
"I worked in fitness and remedial massage from 1991 to 2002 before specializing in lymphoedema treatment in 2003. With years of experience, I recognize that each person’s condition is unique, requiring a tailored approach to effective management. I provide guidance and support through lymphatic drainage massage, precise measuring and fitting of compression garments, and remedial therapies to complement treatment."
Reference
Chaitow, L. (2000). Palpation and Assessment Skills: Assessment and Diagnosis through Touch. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
Morris, C. W. (2015, August 10). Concise review on the safety of exercise on symptoms of lymphoedema. doi:https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v6.i4.43
Tedeschi, R. (2023, July 06). Biomechanical alterations in lower limb lymphedema: Implications for walking ability and rehabilitation. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555231188236
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